![]() ![]() In Morocco, the oilseed sector has experienced a significant decline since the 1990s, leading to almost total dependence on the international market. The production growth trends are facing a big challenge to meet the growing demand for vegetable oils, livestock feeds, and other industrial uses. This increase in world production is partly due to the expansion in cultivated area but also to the improvement in yields per hectare, which increased from 1,7 t/ha to 2,1 t/ha (about 22%) between 021. In 2020/2021, the total area was estimated at 286 million hectares with a total production of 605 million tons, being by 24% and 51.6% respectively higher in comparison with the records in 2008/2009. ![]() Their cultivation area and their production are constantly increasing. The majority of the utilized vegetable oils are obtained from a huge variety of oilseeds well known worldwide such as soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, groundnut, safflower, flax, cotton, sesame, etc. It is forecast by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) and the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) to exceed 246 million tons (Mt) in 2030 ( OECD-FAO, 2021). 1 IntroductionĪccording to data from United States Department of Agriculture ( USDA, 2022), world consumption of vegetable oils has grown from 131 million tons in 2008/2009 to 205 million tons in 2020/2021. ![]() This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Compte tenu de leur rôle de plus en plus important dans la société, le développement d’une filière oléagineuse locale pour réduire la dépendance du Maroc aux importations et faire face aux aléas des marchés mondiaux n’a jamais été autant d’actualité dans le contexte actuel de l’agriculture durable et de la souveraineté alimentaire. La forte dépendance vis-à-vis des importations d’huiles végétales et de produits oléagineux a un effet néfaste sur l’économie du Maroc et pèse lourdement sur la balance commerciale du pays. Le Maroc est directement impacté par ces fluctuations étant donné que le pays importe la quasi-totalité de ses besoins en huiles végétales, graines et tourteaux. Cette hausse des prix est alimentée par la flambée des prix du pétrole et les perturbations des approvisionnements suite à la pandémie de Covid-19 et aux tensions géopolitiques en mer Noire. Cette situation, combinée à l’augmentation exponentielle de la population mondiale et à d’autres facteurs conjoncturels, entraîne une flambée des prix, notamment dans les pays importateurs. Les huiles qui en sont extraites deviennent un aliment de base utilisé dans la cuisine quotidienne de plusieurs pays et, par conséquent, la demande mondiale ne cesse d’augmenter. Les graines oléagineuses sont cultivées principalement pour l’extraction d’huiles végétales et pour leurs sous-produits nécessaires à l’alimentation du bétail et à d’autres usages industriels. Considering their increasingly important role in society, the development of a local oilseed sector to reduce Morocco’s dependence on imports and cope with the vagaries of global markets has never been more topical in the current context of sustainable agriculture and food sovereignty. The high dependence on imported vegetable oils and oilseed products has a detrimental effect on the economy of Morocco and weighs heavily on the country’s trade balance. Morocco is directly impacted by these fluctuations given that the country imports almost its total needs in vegetable oils, oilseeds and meals. This increase in prices is fueled by soaring oil prices and disruption in supplies following Covid-19 pandemic and geopolitical tensions in the Black Sea. This situation, combined with the exponential increase in the world population and other cyclical factors, is leading to a surge pricing, especially in importing countries. The oils obtained from them are becoming a staple food used in daily cooking in several countries, and as a result the world demand is constantly increasing. * Correspondence: are grown mainly for the extraction of vegetable oils and for its by-products needed in livestock feed and in other industrial uses. Plant Protection Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco ![]()
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